- Fact 2 - Iowa - The Indians of Iowa were
the Chippewa, Dakota, Fox, Illinois, Iowa, Nez Perce, Pahodja,
Pawnee, Winnebago, Missouri, Moingwena, Omaha, Oto, Ottawa,
Peoria, Ponca, Potawatomi, Sauk and Winnebago.
- Fact 3 - Names of Border States:
Illinois Minnesota Missouri Nebraska South Dakota Wisconsin
- Fact 4 - Origin of the name of the
state: "Land of the Indians"
- Fact 5 - Features of the area:
Quite flat with a variety of areas including drift plains,
hardwood forests, rugged hills and river valleys
- Fact 6 - The Oto, also spelt Otoe,
had a Plains Indians type of culture. They were once part of the
Sioux tribes of the Great Lakes area, commonly known as the
Winnebago
- Fact 7 -
The Missouri lived near the mouth of the Grand River in
Missouri. They were, however a nomadic tribe, that inhabited
parts of the Midwestern United States before the explorers from
Europe arrived.
- Fact 8 - The Winnebago, also known
as the Ho-Chunk Nation, were a war-like tribe of hunters and
fishers who inhabited the area around Green Bay in Wisconsin to
the Rock River in Illinois. Their name translated to "people of
the stagnant water" in reference to the algae filled waters of
the rivers where the Winnebago people lived. They were known for
their violence and practice of torturing and eating their
enemies
- Fact 9 - The Chippewa people were
members of an Algonquian people who lived west of Lake Superior.
The people's name, is given as Ojibwe in Canada but as Chippewa
in the United States. The Chippewa waged extremely violent war
on their enemies - they were so feared that the French
considered the complete annihilation of this tribe.
- Fact 10 - The
Sioux were the largest Indian
tribe and also referred to as the Lakota or Dakota Sioux.
- Fact 11 - Members of the Fox tribe (Mesquaki)
spread through southern Wisconsin, and the Iowa / Illinois
border after constant battles with the French-backed Huron tribe
- Fact 12 - The Illinois tribe (Illini
or Illiniwek) were hunters and fishers. The name "Iliniwek" is
an old Ojibwe word borrowed into French as 'Illinois'. In the
17th century, the Illiniwek declined due to a combination of
European diseases and a war with the local tribes. In 1769 the
allied Iroquois, Kickapoo, Ojibwa, Ottawa, Potawatomi, and Sac
and Fox tribes massacred the Illinois.
- Fact 13 - The
Pawnee
were a semi-nomadic tribe of hunter farmers and a dominant tribe
of the Great Plains people. The Pawnee lived in earth lodges,
hogans and pit houses which were semi-subterranean dwellings
that were dug from the earth, with a wooden domed mound built
over the top which was covered with earth or reeds. When they
travelled their shelters were tepees.
- Fact 14 - The
Nez Perce
originally inhabited the lower Snake River and its tributaries
in western Idaho. The name Nez Perce, meaning pierced nose, was
given by the French because some tribe members wore nose
pendants.
- Fact 15 - The Moingwena were a
small tribe of the Illinois confederacy who lived at the mouth
of the Des Moines River, near the present town of Montrose, Lee
County, Iowa. They are now extinct.
- Fact 16 - The Omaha were a war-like tribe of the
Plains area, they lived in earth lodges in the winter and tepees
in the summer. Their enemies were the Sioux.
- Fact 17 - The Iowa, also called the
Ioway, were a Woodland tribe with some Plains area traits. The
tribe originated from north of the of the Great Lakes. The Iowa,
the Missouri, the Omaha, the Otoe, and the Ponca indians are
believed to have once formed part of the Winnebago people
- Fact 18 - The Ottawa adopted a Woodlands culture
living in wigwams or longhouses. They allied themselves with the
French and the Huron which automatically made them the enemies
of the Iroquois.
- Fact 19 - The Peoria were one of
the principal tribes of the Illinois Confederacy. The name of
the tribe means "he comes carrying a pack on his back." The
Peoria lands in Oklahoma were allotted in 1893
- Fact 20 - The Ponca were a Woodland
tribe with Plains Indian traits, they farmed corn and hunted
buffalo. War with the Sioux forced the Ponca to flee to the
Black Hills, in South Dakota.
- Fact 21 - The Potawatomi closely related to the
Ojibwa and Ottawa tribes and adopted a Woodlands culture living
in wigwams or longhouses. closely related to the Ojibwa and
Ottawa tribes and adopted a Woodlands culture living in wigwams
or longhouses. The Potawatomi supported Pontiac's Rebellion,
fought against the United States were friendly to the French and
aided them against the English
- Fact 22 - The The Sauk tribe were a member of the
Algonquian people who originated in the Fox River valley. Sauk
resistance to removal from their Illinois lands ended in 1832
with the Black Hawk War.
- Fact 23 - History: 1832 - The "Black Hawk War" and the Sauk
tribe was forced to cede their land
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