- Fact 2 - Northwestern tribes were
were static tribes of tribe of hunter fishers and lived in states including
Washington, Alaska and Oregon
- Fact 3 - Alaska's name is based on
the Eskimo word Alakshak meaning great lands or peninsula
- Fact 4 - Features of the area:
Coastal Plains, hills, broken terrain
- Fact 5 - The Native Indians of the
Arctic Northwest included Chinook, Tillamook, Aleut, Eyak, Salish and the
Tlingit
- Fact 6 - The
Chinook were an
important North American Indian people who controlled the mouth
of the Columbia river. The Chinooks were organized into
settlements rather than tribes. Their home was the the Pacific
coast near the Columbia River
- Fact 7 - The Tillamook lived on
Tillamook Bay and in neighboring river valleys in NW Oregon.
Their language belongs to the Salishan branch of the Algonquian-Wakashan.
- Fact 8 -
The Aleut lived in the the Aleutian Islands and W Alaska. They
were exploited by traders because of their skills in hunting sea
mammals.
- Fact 9 -
The Eyak were indigenous to southcentral Alaska, near the mouth
of the Copper River
- Fact 10 -
The Salish were also referred to as Flathead Indians. The name
is often said to derive from the flat head produced by binding
infants' skulls with boards. The Salish (Flatheads) lived
between the Cascade Mountains and Rocky Mountains
- Fact 11 - The Tlingit were
hunter-gatherers in the temperate rainforest of the southeast
Alaska coast. Their name for themselves is Lingít, meaning "human
beings".
- Fact 12 - Homes and Houses of the
Northwest Indians: The Arctic Indians lived in igloos. Native
Indians in the warmer regions lived in longhouses. Longhouses were permanent houses and homes
used by hunter fishers.
- Fact 13 - These houses were built up to 200 feet
long, 20 feet wide and 20 feet high. They often had 2 storeys -
a raised platform created the top storey which was ideal for
sleeping.
- Fact 14 - Longhouses were similar
in design to wigwams as their frames being made with poles and
covered with bark. Separate rooms were created in longhouses by
using wooden screens and mats
- Fact 15 - Homes and Houses: Plankhouses: These were permanent houses built as homes by
static fishing tribes of the Northwest Coast, such as the
Chinooks.
Plank houses are made of long, flat planks of cedar wood lashed
to a wooden frame and made good houses for people in cold
climates who lived in areas with lots of tall trees.
- Fact 16 -
The Northwest Indians used cedar-bark or dugout canoes
- Fact 17 - Jewelry: Women wore
shell, bead, bear teeth and beaver teeth necklaces
- Fact 18 - Weapons: Weapons
included bows and arrows, war clubs, spears and knives
- Fact 19 - Totem Poles: One of the
most famous structures found among the Northwest Indians was the
totem pole
- Fact 20 - Totem poles are most
commonly made by the Tlingit Indians
- Fact 21 - A Totem Pole is a tall
vertical wooden post carved and painted with a series of family
or clan crests or with figures representing mythic beings. Totem
poles are usually erected in front of a dwelling
- Fact 22 - Ceremonies: The Potlatch
custom involved giving gifts and dancing and designed to show
the wealth of the participants. The dancers wore elaborate
animal masks and were decorated with paint and feathers
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