- Fact 2 - The Hopi were a
tribe of hunter farmers. Each Hopi village is divided into clans
and is governed by a chief, who is also the spiritual leader.
Political and religious duties revolve around the clans.
- Fact 3 - Homes and Houses: Adobe houses also known as pueblos were
used by the Pueblo and Hobi tribes and were suitable for a warm dry
climate.
- Fact 4 -
Adobe or pueblo homes were multi-story houses made of adobe
(clay and straw baked into hard bricks)
- Fact 5 - The name Hopi means
“peaceful ones.”
- Fact 6 - Clothes and Clothing -
Clothes were generally made from the skins of small animals such
as rabbit. Then with the advent of sheep farming their
clothes were also made from cloth woven from wool for ponchos,
blankets and cloaks
- Fact 7 - Clothing for men: Men
originally wore breechcloths which were made from a long
rectangular piece of animal skin or cloth which was worn between
the legs and tucked over a belt, so that the flaps of the
breechcloth covered the front and behind. The legs were bare.
- Fact 8 - Religious ceremonies
involved secret rites held in semi-underground kivas during
which masks and costumes were worn to impersonate kachinas
(ancestral spirits)
- Fact 9 -
Headbands - Men wore different types of cloth headbands
- Fact 10 -
Clothing for women: Hopi women wore knee-length cotton dresses
called mantas which were fastened at a woman's right shoulder,
leaving her left shoulder bare
- Fact 11 - Shoes and footwear:
Moccasins were made of soft leather or deerskin and sewn
together with deer sinew. Moccasins were a soft slip on shoe, or
slipper, consist of a sole and sides made of one piece of
leather, stitched together at the top and were a light beige
color.
- Fact 12 - Food: Men hunted
deer, small game and turkeys. As farmers crops were produced for
corn, beans, squash, and melons in terraced fields. Crops and meat were supplemented by nuts, berries and fruits.
They then started to raise sheep and goats
- Fact 13 - The Hopis traded
regularly with the Pueblo tribes.
- Fact 14 - The Hopi are noted as
stockbreeders and skilled weavers, potters, and silversmiths
- Fact 15 - Hair: Hair was kept long
and worn in a traditional hair knot called a Hömsoma
which is wrapped in white yarn.
- Fact 16 - Jewelry: Women wore
turquoise and silver jewelry
- Fact 17 - Face paint / War Paint:
The Hopi did not paint their faces or bodies except for special
religious ceremonies
- Fact 18 - Hopi weapons: Weapons
included bows and arrows, and knives
- Fact 19 - Enemies of the Hopi
tribe: During the 18th and
19th centuries the Hopi were subjected to frequent raids by the
neighboring, larger Navajo tribe
- Fact 20 - History: In 1629 The
Spanish began to establish missions at the Hopi pueblos of
Awatobi and Oraibi which were destroyed in the Pueblo revolt of
1680
|
